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𝐒𝐡𝐥𝐨𝐤𝐚 : 𝟏𝟖.𝟏𝟗
𝑗𝑛̃𝑎̄𝑛𝑎𝑚̇ 𝑘𝑎𝑟𝑚𝑎 𝑐𝑎 𝑘𝑎𝑟𝑡𝑎̄ 𝑐𝑎
𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑑ℎ𝑎𝑖𝑣𝑎 𝑔𝑢𝑛̣𝑎-𝑏ℎ𝑒𝑑𝑎𝑡𝑎ℎ̣
𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑐𝑦𝑎𝑡𝑒 𝑔𝑢𝑛̣𝑎-𝑠𝑎𝑛̇𝑘ℎ𝑦𝑎̄𝑛𝑒
𝑦𝑎𝑡ℎ𝑎̄𝑣𝑎𝑐 𝑐ℎ𝑟̣𝑛̣𝑢 𝑡𝑎̄𝑛𝑦 𝑎𝑝𝑖
ज्ञानं कर्म च कर्ता च त्रिधैव गुणभेदतः |
प्रोच्यते गुणसंख्याने यथावच्छृणु तान्यपि || १९ ||
𝐓𝐫𝐚𝐧𝐬𝐥𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧 :
𝑨𝒄𝒄𝒐𝒓𝒅𝒊𝒏𝒈 𝒕𝒐 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒕𝒉𝒓𝒆𝒆 𝒅𝒊𝒇𝒇𝒆𝒓𝒆𝒏𝒕 𝒎𝒐𝒅𝒆𝒔 𝒐𝒇 𝒎𝒂𝒕𝒆𝒓𝒊𝒂𝒍 𝒏𝒂𝒕𝒖𝒓𝒆, 𝒕𝒉𝒆𝒓𝒆 𝒂𝒓𝒆 𝒕𝒉𝒓𝒆𝒆 𝒌𝒊𝒏𝒅𝒔 𝒐𝒇 𝒌𝒏𝒐𝒘𝒍𝒆𝒅𝒈𝒆, 𝒂𝒄𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝒑𝒆𝒓𝒇𝒐𝒓𝒎𝒆𝒓 𝒐𝒇 𝒂𝒄𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏. 𝑵𝒐𝒘 𝒉𝒆𝒂𝒓 𝒐𝒇 𝒕𝒉𝒆𝒎 𝒇𝒓𝒐𝒎 𝑴𝒆.
भावार्थ:
प्रकृति के तीन गुणों के अनुसार ही ज्ञान, कर्म तथा कर्ता के तीन-तीन भेद हैं | अब तुम मुझसे इन्हें सुनो |
𝐏𝐮𝐫𝐩𝐨𝐫𝐭:
In the Fourteenth Chapter the three divisions of the modes of material nature were elaborately described. In that chapter it was said that the mode of goodness is illuminating, the mode of passion materialistic, and the mode of ignorance conducive to laziness and indolence. All the modes of material nature are binding; they are not sources of liberation. Even in the mode of goodness one is conditioned. In the Seventeenth Chapter, the different types of worship by different types of men in different modes of material nature were described. In this verse, the Lord says that He wishes to speak about the different types of knowledge, workers and work itself according to the three material modes.
तात्पर्य:
चौदहवें अध्याय में प्रकृति के तीन गुणों का विस्तार से वर्णन हो चुका है | उस अध्याय में कहा गया था कि सतोगुण प्रकाशक होता है, रजोगुण भौतिकवादी तथा तमोगुण आलस्य तथा प्रमाद का प्रेरक होता है | प्रकृति के सारे गुण बन्धनकारी हैं, वे मुक्ति के साधन नहीं हैं | यहाँ तक कि सतोगुण में भी मनुष्य बद्ध रहता है | सत्रहवें अध्याय में विभन्न प्रकार के मनुष्यों द्वारा विभिन्न गुणों में रहकर की जाने वाली विभिन्न प्रकार की पूजा का वर्णन किया गया | इस श्लोक में भगवान् कहते हैं कि वे तीनों गुणों के अनुसार विभिन्न प्रकार के ज्ञान, कर्ता तथा कर्म के विषय में बताना चाहते हैं |
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